{"id":4869,"date":"2024-01-15T06:14:20","date_gmt":"2024-01-15T06:14:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/corp.farlong.com\/phytochemical-screening-and-biological-evaluation-of-greek-sage-salvia-fruticosa-mill-extracts\/"},"modified":"2024-11-14T17:08:47","modified_gmt":"2024-11-14T17:08:47","slug":"phytochemical-screening-and-biological-evaluation-of-greek-sage-salvia-fruticosa-mill-extracts","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/directcm.com\/vi\/phytochemical-screening-and-biological-evaluation-of-greek-sage-salvia-fruticosa-mill-extracts\/","title":{"rendered":"S\u00e0ng l\u1ecdc h\u00f3a th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 sinh h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t c\u00e2y x\u00f4 th\u01a1m Hy L\u1ea1p (Salvia fruticosa Mill.)"},"content":{"rendered":"

L\u1eadp h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 trao \u0111\u1ed5i ch\u1ea5t b\u1eb1ng LC-Q-Orbitrap HRMS<\/span><\/p>\n

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Nh\u00ecn chung, c\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a Salvia<\/i> c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i \u1edf ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 ion h\u00f3a \u00e2m c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i \u1edf ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 t\u00edch c\u1ef1c15<\/a><\/sup>. Trong nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u n\u00e0y, ph\u00e2n t\u00edch d\u1eef li\u1ec7u MS bao g\u1ed3m vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn v\u00e0 c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9 do ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m Composite Discoverer 2.1 cung c\u1ea5p. Ngo\u00e0i ra, d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thu th\u1eadp t\u1eeb c\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y v\u1ec1 Salvia<\/i> c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thu th\u1eadp v\u00e0 h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t danh s\u00e1ch l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ec3 tri\u1ec3n khai nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng. T\u1ed5ng c\u1ed9ng c\u00f3 2704 \u0111\u1ec9nh ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n trong S. fruticosa<\/i> chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t trong ph\u00e2n t\u00edch ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 ion \u00e2m. Sau khi l\u1ecdc ra c\u00e1c t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u ph\u1ee5 (Di\u1ec7n t\u00edch < 104<\/sup>), c\u00f3 98 ch\u1ea5t chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a trong \u0111\u00f3 95 ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ea1m th\u1eddi nh\u01b0 trong B\u1ea3ng b\u1ed5 sung S1<\/a>.<\/p>\n

C\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh trao \u0111\u1ed5i ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t c\u1ea1nh nhau v\u00e0 tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y trong H\u00ecnh 2.\u00a01<\/a>M\u1ed9t. C\u00e1c nh\u00f3m th\u1ed1ng tr\u1ecb \u0111\u00e3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t kh\u00e1c nhau. \u1ede nh\u1eefng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1eb1ng dung m\u00f4i ch\u1ee9a ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc (SFH2<\/sub>O v\u00e0 SF30), h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 axit phenolic. Hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t chi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t terpenoid ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 gia t\u0103ng ethanol trong dung m\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng do t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e2n c\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t n\u00e0y. Ngo\u00e0i ra, m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 nhi\u1ec7t v\u1edbi c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng ch\u1ea5t h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n \u1edf b\u1ed1n lo\u1ea1i kh\u00e1c nhau S. fruticosa<\/i> chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y trong h\u00ecnh.\u00a01<\/a>b. Nh\u00f3m h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n trong c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u l\u00e0 terpenoid v\u1edbi 35 h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t, ti\u1ebfp theo l\u00e0 flavonoid (24 h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t), axit phenolic v\u00e0 c\u00e1c d\u1eabn xu\u1ea5t (19 h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t), sacarit (9 h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t) v\u00e0 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 axit b\u00e9o, axit cacboxylic v\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh .<\/p>\n

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H\u00ecnh 1<\/b><\/figcaption>
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\"figure<\/picture><\/a><\/div>\n
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S\u1eafc k\u00fd \u0111\u1ed3 ion t\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1eb1ng LC-Q-Orbitrap \u1edf ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 \u00e2m t\u00ednh (m\u00e0u \u0111en) k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi s\u1eafc k\u00fd \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi l\u1ea1i b\u1eb1ng detector UV\u2013Vis \u1edf b\u01b0\u1edbc s\u00f3ng 270 nm (m\u00e0u cam) (M\u1ed9t<\/b>), \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp v\u1edbi b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 nhi\u1ec7t bi\u1ec3u th\u1ecb gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb di\u1ec7n t\u00edch \u0111\u1ec9nh MS trung b\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh theo b\u1ed1n lo\u1ea1i kh\u00e1c nhau S. fruticosa<\/i> chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t: SFH2<\/sub>Chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc O; Chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t etanol SF30\u201330%; Chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t etanol SF70\u201370%; Chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t etanol SF100 (b<\/b>). \u0110\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft danh t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec9nh, xem B\u1ea3ng b\u1ed5 sung S1<\/a>.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n

Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p hai ch\u1ea5t chi\u1ebft c\u00f3 c\u1ef1c nh\u1ea5t (SFH2<\/sub>O v\u00e0 SF30), axit phenolic l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1ea5t trong t\u1ed5ng di\u1ec7n t\u00edch pic. L\u1edbp n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu b\u1edfi c\u00e1c d\u1eabn xu\u1ea5t axit caffeic. Th\u1eddi gian l\u01b0u (RT) c\u1ee7a h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t 16<\/b> v\u1edbi ion ti\u1ec1n ch\u1ea5t [MH]\u00af t\u1ea1i m\/z<\/i> 179.03419 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi RT c\u1ee7a ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n axit caffeic. N\u00f3 c\u0169ng t\u1ea1o ra \u0111o\u1ea1n ch\u00ednh \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng \u1edf m\/z<\/i> 135.04414, do m\u1ea5t \u0111i kh\u00ed cacbonic. D\u1ea1ng axit caffeic b\u1ecb kh\u1eed proton \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n trong c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t 40<\/b> V\u00e0 41<\/b>, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0 axit sagerinic ([MH]\u00af t\u1ea1i m\/z<\/i> 719.16210) v\u00e0 axit rosmarinic ([MH]\u00af \u1edf m\/z<\/i> 359.0773). Vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh axit Rosmarinic \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn b\u1ed5 sung b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch so s\u00e1nh v\u1edbi ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n. Ion t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 ho\u1eb7c s\u1ef1 m\u1ea5t m\u00e1t c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quan s\u00e1t th\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t 20<\/b>, 37<\/b>, 39<\/b>, 44<\/b>, 53<\/b>, 57<\/b> V\u00e0 58<\/b>, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch so s\u00e1nh v\u1edbi t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 MS2<\/sup> ph\u00e2n m\u1ea3nh, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0 salviaflaside ([MH]\u00af m\/z<\/i> 521.13012), axit salvianolic B ([MH]\u00af \u1edf m\/z<\/i> 717.14661), axit isosalvianolic B ([MH]\u00af \u1edf m\/z<\/i> 717.14667), axit salvianolic K ([MH]\u00af t\u1ea1i m\/z<\/i> 555.11469), hai \u0111\u1ed3ng ph\u00e2n F c\u1ee7a axit salvianolic ([MH]\u00af t\u1ea1i m\/z<\/i> 313.07205) v\u00e0 axit salvianolic C ([MH]\u00af \u1edf m\/z<\/i> 491.09863).<\/p>\n

Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a hai d\u1ecbch chi\u1ebft kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e2n c\u1ef1c nh\u1ea5t (SF70, SF100), s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p c\u1ee7a terpenoid l\u00e0 cao nh\u1ea5t, trong khi \u1edf c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch chi\u1ebft c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i, lo\u1ea1i n\u00e0y chi\u1ebfm kho\u1ea3ng m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n t\u01b0 t\u1ed5ng di\u1ec7n t\u00edch pic c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh. L\u1edbp n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu b\u1edfi diterpenoid, l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e2n c\u1ef1c \u0111a d\u1ea1ng nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh trong c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u. Ch\u00fang ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 diterpenoid lo\u1ea1i abietane, m\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n m\u1ea3nh th\u00f4ng qua qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ion h\u00f3a \u00e2m th\u01b0\u1eddng bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 vi\u1ec7c lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf CO2<\/sub> (-44 Da), CO (-28 Da), H2<\/sub>O (-18 Da), \u00b7CH3<\/sub> (15 \u0110\u00e0). C\u00e1c h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t 59<\/b> ([MH]\u00af l\u00fac m\/z<\/i> 345.17075) v\u00e0 64<\/b> ([MH]\u00af l\u00fac m\/z<\/i> 345.17100) \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 c\u00e1c ion do m\u1ea5t ph\u00e2n t\u1eed carbon dioxide (m\/z<\/i> 301.18097) v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u1eed n\u01b0\u1edbc (m\/z<\/i> 283.17038 v\u00e0 m\/z<\/i> 283.17041), v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0 rosmanol v\u00e0 epiisorosmanol. h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t 69<\/b> ([MH]\u00af l\u00fac m\/z<\/i> 329.17580) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0 Carnosol d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean ki\u1ec3u ph\u00e2n m\u1ea3nh \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a n\u00f3, b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c m\u1ea5t \u0111i carbon dioxide (m\/z<\/i> 285.16604)12<\/a>,15<\/a><\/sup> v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfp theo l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf g\u1ed1c methyl (m\/z<\/i> 270.16211). Ki\u1ec3u ph\u00e2n m\u1ea3nh t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 x\u1ea3y ra trong h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t 80,<\/b> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0 axit carnosic 12-metoxy ([MH]\u00af t\u1ea1i m\/z<\/i> 345.20721) v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0111o\u1ea1n 301.21689 v\u00e0 286.19385. h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t 78<\/b>, v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t ion gi\u1ea3 ph\u00e2n t\u1eed t\u1ea1i m\/z<\/i> 331.19153 [MH]\u00af \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0 axit carnosic do s\u1ef1 c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c m\u1ea3nh t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 m\u1ea5t \u0111i carbon dioxide v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 m\u1ea5t \u0111i g\u1ed1c isopropyl (m\/z<\/i> 287.20175 v\u00e0 244.14687). h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t 70<\/b> th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n ion ti\u1ec1n ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea1i [MH]\u00af t\u1ea1i m\/z<\/i> 343.15524, t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c m\u1ea3nh \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng m\/z<\/i> 315.16028 v\u00e0 m\/z<\/i> 299.160504 th\u00f4ng qua vi\u1ec7c m\u1ea5t ethylene v\u00e0 carbon dioxide t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 cho ph\u00e9p ch\u00fang ta x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t 70<\/b> nh\u01b0 rosmadial. Hai triterpenoid pentacycle c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n trong d\u1ecbch chi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m: h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t 96<\/b> V\u00e0 97<\/b>, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3t l\u00e0 axit betulinic v\u00e0 axit ursolic, v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ion quasimolecular \u1edf ([MH]\u00af \u1edf m\/z<\/i> 455.35340). S\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c triterpenoid n\u00e0y c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e1o c\u00e1o trong S. fruticosa<\/i> b\u1edfi Jash v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng s\u1ef1.16<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p>\n

Trong c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ch\u1ea5t c\u00f3 h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc cao (SFH2<\/sub>O, SF30), m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a oligosaccharide v\u00e0 axit \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng trong t\u1ed5ng di\u1ec7n t\u00edch pic c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi nh\u1eadn. C\u00e1c h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t 1<\/b>, 2<\/b> V\u00e0 3<\/b> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ea1m th\u1eddi l\u00e0 stachyose, raffinose v\u00e0 sucrose, v\u00ec ch\u00fang th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n ch\u00ednh trong Salvia<\/i> gi\u1ed1ng lo\u00e0i31<\/a><\/sup>. C\u00e1c h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t 4\u20138<\/b> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i l\u00e0 axit \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng. M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh ph\u00e2n m\u1ea3nh c\u1ee7a h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t 6<\/b> ([MH]\u00af l\u00fac m\/z<\/i> 135.02875) gi\u1ed1ng h\u1ec7t v\u1edbi t\u00f4i<\/span>-axit threonic. h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t 8<\/b> ([MH]\u00af l\u00fac m\/z<\/i> 149.0081) t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c m\u1ea3nh m\/z<\/i> 72.99171, 59.01249 v\u00e0 87.00734 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quan s\u00e1t \u1edf ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 ion h\u00f3a \u00e2m \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u00f4i<\/span>-(+)-axit tartric.<\/p>\n

M\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt ch\u00ednh kh\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n trong S. fruticosa<\/i> chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t l\u00e0 flavonoid. H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh thu\u1ed9c l\u1edbp n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u00e1n cho flavon. h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t 24<\/b> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng l\u00e0 scutellarin b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch so s\u00e1nh th\u1eddi gian l\u01b0u, ph\u1ed5 UV v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3u ph\u00e2n m\u1ea3nh MS\/MS v\u1edbi c\u00e1c m\u1eabu c\u1ee7a ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i. C\u00e1c h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t 46<\/b> V\u00e0 55<\/b> cho th\u1ea5y c\u00e1c ion ti\u1ec1n ch\u1ea5t g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 gi\u1ed1ng nhau [MH]\u00af t\u1ea1i m\/z<\/i> 299.0563 v\u00e0 299.0562. h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t 46<\/b> t\u1ea1o ra nhi\u1ec1u m\u1ea3nh nh\u1ea5t \u1edf m\/z<\/i> 284.03253 v\u00e0 136.98682, h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 55<\/b>. Nh\u1eefng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u n\u00e0y t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi ki\u1ec3u ph\u00e2n m\u1ea3nh c\u1ee7a herpidulin ho\u1eb7c diosmetin. V\u00ec c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t v\u1ec1 th\u1eddi gian l\u01b0u n\u00ean c\u1ea3 hai h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t trong S. fruticosa<\/i> chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t. h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t 49<\/b> th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n ion ti\u1ec1n ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea1i [MH]\u00af t\u1ea1i m\/z<\/i> 285.04065 t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c ion s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 \u1edf m\/z<\/i> 133.02834, 151.00261, 175.03903, ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng b\u00e1o c\u00e1o v\u1ec1 luteolin c\u1ee7a Velamuri et al.17<\/a><\/sup>. h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t 52<\/b> ([MH]\u00af l\u00fac m\/z<\/i> 327.21786) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0 salvigenin (pectolinarigenin-7-methyl ether) v\u00ec flavone n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e1o c\u00e1o tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y \u1edf S. fruticosa<\/i>. h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t 54<\/b> mang l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec9nh c\u01a1 s\u1edf [MH]\u00af t\u1ea1i m\/z<\/i> 269.04578. Ion ti\u1ec1n ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 ion s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m t\u1ea1i m\/z<\/i> 117.03332 v\u00e0 151.00264 x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t n\u00e0y l\u00e0 apigenin. h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t 56<\/b> cho ti\u1ec1n ch\u1ea5t ion [MH]\u00af t\u1ea1i m\/z<\/i> 329.0668, ch\u1ec9 ra r\u1eb1ng c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c ph\u00e2n t\u1eed c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 l\u00e0 C17<\/sub>H14<\/sub>\u1ed37<\/sub>. N\u00f3 t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c ion m\u1ea3nh n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt \u1edf m\/z<\/i> 299.01981 do m\u1ea5t hai nh\u00f3m metyl v\u00e0 271.02472 do lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf th\u00eam carbon monoxide. V\u00ec v\u1eady, \u0111\u1ec9nh n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0 jaceosidin. h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t 60<\/b> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0 cisimaritin d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean ion ti\u1ec1n ch\u1ea5t [MH]\u00af t\u1ea1i m\/z<\/i> 313.07190 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ion s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n t\u1ea1i m\/z<\/i> 298.04694 v\u00e0 283.02478, cho th\u1ea5y s\u1ef1 m\u1ea5t \u0111i hai g\u1ed1c methyl v\u00e0 255.02974 do lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf carbon monoxide. h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t 62<\/b> ([MH]\u00af l\u00fac m\/z<\/i> 283.06137) t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi d\u1eabn xu\u1ea5t apigenin xem x\u00e9t \u0111o\u1ea1n t\u1ea1i m\/z<\/i> 268.03772 v\u00e0 117.03318. Ion m\u1ea3nh \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng t\u1ea1i m\/z<\/i> 240.04193 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh do m\u1ea5t cacbon monoxit d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t 62<\/b> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0 genkwanin. C\u00e1c ki\u1ec3u ph\u00e2n m\u1ea3nh c\u1ee7a apigenin, herpidulin, cirsimaritin v\u00e0 genkwanin ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c b\u00e1o c\u00e1o c\u1ee7a Koutsoulas et al.12<\/a><\/sup>. h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t 50<\/b> l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i flavonol aglycon duy nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n trong c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u. V\u1edbi ti\u1ec1n ch\u1ea5t ion [MH]\u00af t\u1ea1i m\/z<\/i> 315.0513 v\u00e0 \u0111o\u1ea1n MS\/MS ch\u00ednh t\u1ea1i m\/z<\/i> 300.02756 do m\u1ea5t nh\u00f3m methyl, h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0 isorhamnetin. h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t 30<\/b> v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t ion gi\u1ea3 ph\u00e2n t\u1eed [MH]\u00af t\u1ea1i m\/z<\/i> 609.18329 kh\u00f4ng cho th\u1ea5y b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n m\u1ea3nh n\u00e0o, nh\u01b0ng v\u00ec n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e1o c\u00e1o tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 trong S. fruticosa<\/i>18<\/a>,19<\/a><\/sup>, n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ea1m th\u1eddi l\u00e0 flavanone\u2014hesperidin. C\u00e1c glycoside flavonoid t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y trong nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u n\u00e0y ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 glucoside v\u1edbi \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng l\u00e0 162 Da, glucuronides (176 Da) v\u00e0 rutinoside (308 Da). Luteolin glucoside (h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t 22<\/b> v\u1edbi [MH]\u00af t\u1ea1i m\/z<\/i> 447.09344) c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t trong h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c \u1ea5n ph\u1ea9m li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a S. fruticosa<\/i> chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t12<\/a>,18<\/a>,19<\/a>,20<\/a>,21<\/a><\/sup>. h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t 26<\/b> cho th\u1ea5y ti\u1ec1n ch\u1ea5t ion [MH]\u00af t\u1ea1i m\/z<\/i> 491.0836 v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0 isorhamnetin glucuronide, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e1o c\u00e1o tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 trong S. fruticosa<\/i> ch\u1ec9 b\u1edfi G\u00fcrb\u00fcz et al.22<\/a><\/sup>. h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t 27 (<\/b>[MH]\u00af l\u00fac m\/z<\/i> 577.15668), \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0 apigenin-rutinoside c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y trong c\u00e2y x\u00f4 th\u01a1m Hy L\u1ea1p b\u1edfi Cvetkovikj et al.21<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p>\n

S\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a axit b\u00e9o c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quan s\u00e1t th\u1ea5y trong S. fruticosa<\/i> chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t. C\u00e1c h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t 63<\/b> V\u00e0 73<\/b> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ea1m th\u1eddi l\u00e0 hai axit b\u00e9o kh\u00f4ng b\u00e3o h\u00f2a \u0111a. h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t 63<\/b> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0 axit dihydroxyoctadecadienoic (C18<\/sub>H31<\/sub>\u1ed34<\/sub>\u00af). h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t 73<\/b> ti\u1ec1n ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea1o ra ion [MH]\u00af t\u1ea1i m\/z<\/i> 295.22803 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng t\u1ea1i t\u00f4i<\/i>\/z<\/i>\u00a0277.21738 ([MHH2<\/sub>\u1ed3]\u2212<\/sup> v\u00e0 195.13837 [M-(CHO-(CH2<\/sub>)4<\/sub>-CH3<\/sub>)-H]\u00af, bi\u1ec3u th\u1ecb v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u1ee7a nh\u00f3m hydroxyl \u1edf nguy\u00ean t\u1eed cacbon th\u1ee9 13. V\u00ec v\u1eady, n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0 axit 13-hydroxy-9,11-octadecadienoic. Ngo\u00e0i ra, trong S. fruticosa<\/i> chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a glucoside c\u1ee7a axit tuberonic (m\/z<\/i> 387.16644) (h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t 14<\/b>) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i hormone t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quan s\u00e1t th\u1ea5y.<\/p>\n

Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e1c h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt ch\u00ednh<\/h3>\n

\u0110\u1ecbnh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t phenolic ch\u00ednh trong c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch chi\u1ebft kh\u00e1c nhau c\u1ee7a S. fruticosa<\/i> tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00f4 c\u1ee7a nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt (mg\/g DW) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y trong B\u1ea3ng 1<\/a>. H\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng axit caffeic, scutellarin, axit salvianolic B, axit rosmarinic, axit Carnosic v\u00e0 Carnosol \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh to\u00e1n d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng chu\u1ea9n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t chu\u1ea9n x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c, trong khi h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t kh\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh theo ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3.<\/p>\n

\n
B\u1ea3ng 1 H\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t phenolic ch\u00ednh (mg\/g DW) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh theo b\u1ed1n ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p kh\u00e1c nhau S. fruticosa<\/i> chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t (SFH2<\/sub>Chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc O; Chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t etanol SF30\u201330%; Chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t etanol SF70\u201370%; SF100\u2013etanol) b\u1eb1ng HPLC\u2013PDA.<\/b><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n

Nh\u00ecn chung, h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1ea5t trong chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t c\u00e2y x\u00f4 th\u01a1m l\u00e0 axit rosmarinic, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t axit phenolic v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ea5t dimer c\u1ee7a axit caffeic. N\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 axit rosmarinic cao nh\u1ea5t trong s\u1ed1 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c m\u1eabu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y \u1edf SF70 (31,56 \u00b1 1,88 mg\/g DW), gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 axit rosmarinic trong S. fruticosa<\/i> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thu th\u1eadp t\u1eeb Croatia (29,10 \u00b1 0,21 mg\/g DW), \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e1o c\u00e1o b\u1edfi Mervi\u0107 et al.23<\/a><\/sup>. H\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u00f2n cao h\u01a1n (60,73 mg\/g DW) \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e1o c\u00e1o trong chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t metanol t\u1eeb gi\u1ed1ng c\u00e2y x\u00f4 th\u01a1m Hy L\u1ea1p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u b\u1edfi Sarrou et al.19<\/a><\/sup>Tuy nhi\u00ean, trong nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u n\u00e0y vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u01b0\u1ee3u nguy\u00ean ch\u1ea5t l\u00e0m dung m\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng mang l\u1ea1i hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c axit rosmarinic cao nh\u1ea5t. N\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 axit Rosmarinic trong d\u1ecbch truy\u1ec1n (SFH2<\/sub>O) th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u (4,96 \u00b1 0,65 mg\/g DW) so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t kh\u00e1c, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t so s\u00e1nh t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi gi\u1ed1ng Th\u1ed5 Nh\u0129 K\u1ef3. S. fruticosa<\/i> b\u1edfi Tekin18<\/a><\/sup>. Axit caffeic c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n trong t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u1edf n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 (0,13\u20130,15 mg\/g DW), th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n m\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1ea7n so v\u1edbi b\u00e1o c\u00e1o c\u1ee7a Mervi\u0107 et al.23<\/a><\/sup>. Tuy nhi\u00ean, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 axit salvianolic, thu\u1ed9c nh\u00f3m ch\u1ea5t c\u1eaft ch\u00ednh c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c t\u1eeb axit caffeic trong c\u00e2y x\u00f4 th\u01a1m, l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn h\u01a1n. N\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 axit salvianolic B cao nh\u1ea5t thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trong d\u1ecbch chi\u1ebft SF70 v\u00e0 SF30 (6,86 \u00b1 0,93 mg\/g DW v\u00e0 6,52 \u00b1 0,48 mg\/g DW). Axit Salvianolic K c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1ea5t trong chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t ST30 v\u1edbi n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 6,25 \u00b1 1,0 mg\/g DW. Theo d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y b\u1edfi Cvetkovikj et al.21<\/a><\/sup>, n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1ed1i \u0111a c\u1ee7a axit salvianolic K trong s\u1ed1 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 qu\u1ea7n th\u1ec3 Hy L\u1ea1p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u S. fruticosa<\/i> l\u00e0 7,20 mg\/g DW.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t terpenoid c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1ea5t trong S. fruticosa<\/i> l\u00e0 axit carnosic v\u00e0 carnosol, c\u1ea3 hai \u0111\u1ec1u thu\u1ed9c h\u1ecd abietane diterpenoid12<\/a><\/sup>. H\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng axit carnosic cao nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quan s\u00e1t th\u1ea5y \u1edf SF100 (14,82 \u00b1 1,66 mg\/g DW), ti\u1ebfp theo l\u00e0 SF70 (13,88 \u00b1 2,52 mg\/g DW) kh\u00f4ng kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea. Nh\u1eefng k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 n\u00e0y ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trong d\u1ecbch chi\u1ebft metanol c\u1ee7a Kallimanis et al.24<\/a><\/sup> l\u00e0 12,5 \u00b1 1,6 mg\/g DW. L\u01b0\u1ee3ng carnosol trong chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t SF70 l\u00e0 7,88 \u00b1 1,33 mg\/g DW v\u00e0 n\u00f3 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi b\u00e1o c\u00e1o c\u1ee7a Sarrou et al.19<\/a><\/sup>. Salviol, terpenoid ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn th\u1ee9 ba trong c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t meroterpenoid c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c t\u1eeb abietane diterpenoid\u2014ferruginol v\u00e0 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn \u1edf c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y x\u00f4 th\u01a1m kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a Hy L\u1ea1p, v\u00ed d\u1ee5: S. pomifera<\/i>25<\/a><\/sup>. H\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t n\u00e0y v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e1o c\u00e1o \u1edf S. fruticosa<\/i>; tuy nhi\u00ean n\u00f3 c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t trong h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch chi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1edbi h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao nh\u1ea5t: 7,37 \u00b1 0,71 mg\/g DW trong SF70.<\/p>\n

Nh\u00f3m ho\u1ea1t ch\u1ea5t sinh h\u1ecdc th\u1ee9 ba \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n trong S. fruticosa<\/i> chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t l\u00e0 flavonoid. Scutellarin l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng flavonoid ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y trong c\u00e2y x\u00f4 th\u01a1m26<\/a><\/sup>. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 flavonoid c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1ea5t trong c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1edbi hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1: 7,77 \u00b1 0,48 mg\/g DW, 8,92 \u00b1 1,56 mg\/g DW v\u00e0 7,35 \u00b1 0,9 mg\/g DW trong SFH2<\/sub>Chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t O, SF30 v\u00e0 SF70 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng. N\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a luteolin rutinoside v\u00e0 luteolin glucoside t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nhau trong t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 dao \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb 1,03 \u0111\u1ebfn 1,98 mg\/g DW, kh\u00f4ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e1o c\u00e1o b\u1edfi Tekin et al.18<\/a><\/sup>, trong \u0111\u00f3 n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t n\u00e0y trong d\u1ecbch truy\u1ec1n c\u00e2y x\u00f4 th\u01a1m cao g\u1ea5p hai \u0111\u1ebfn ba l\u1ea7n so v\u1edbi chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t ethanol.<\/p>\n

Axit phenolic, flavonoid v\u00e0 terpenoid l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t c\u00f3 ho\u1ea1t t\u00ednh sinh h\u1ecdc \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh trong S. fruticosa<\/i>. Nh\u01b0 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n trong b\u1ea3ng 1<\/a>, hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t chi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng nhi\u1ec1u b\u1edfi h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ethanol trong dung m\u00f4i. Vi\u1ec7c chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t b\u1eb1ng ethanol 70% mang l\u1ea1i t\u1ed5ng hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t ho\u1ea1t t\u00ednh sinh h\u1ecdc cao nh\u1ea5t, tr\u00e1i ng\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t ch\u1ec9 b\u1eb1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc. S\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y r\u00f5 \u1edf hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c axit phenolic v\u00e0 terpenoid, t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng \u1edf SF70 cao h\u01a1n ba l\u1ea7n v\u00e0 cao h\u01a1n b\u1ea3y l\u1ea7n. Hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t t\u1ed1i \u0111a c\u1ee7a flavonoid thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1eb1ng etanol 30% nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ec9 cao h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat so v\u1edbi etanol 70%. Xem x\u00e9t t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m ho\u1ea1t ch\u1ea5t sinh h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, etanol 70% \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn l\u00e0 dung m\u00f4i t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t trong s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c dung m\u00f4i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ec3 chi\u1ebft c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t c\u00f3 ho\u1ea1t t\u00ednh sinh h\u1ecdc t\u1eeb S. fruticosa<\/i>.<\/p>\n

Ho\u1ea1t t\u00ednh ch\u1ed1ng oxy h\u00f3a<\/h3>\n

S\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u1ed1ng oxy h\u00f3a trong nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh quan tr\u1ecdng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y x\u00f4 th\u01a1m kh\u00e1c nhau, ho\u1ea1t t\u00ednh ch\u1ed1ng oxy h\u00f3a cao c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 do c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t phenolic g\u00e2y ra. Trong c\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y, t\u1ed5ng ho\u1ea1t t\u00ednh ch\u1ed1ng oxy h\u00f3a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh cho S. fruticosa<\/i> d\u1ecbch chi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ebf b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t chi\u1ebft c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u00e2n c\u1ef1c kh\u00e1c nhau. Ngo\u00e0i ra, ho\u1ea1t t\u00ednh ch\u1ed1ng oxy h\u00f3a \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t phenolic ch\u1ecdn l\u1ecdc \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh cho c\u00e2y x\u00f4 th\u01a1m v\u00e0 thu\u1ed9c nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i ch\u1ea5t chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a th\u1ee9 c\u1ea5p kh\u00e1c nhau nh\u01b0 axit phenolic, flavon v\u00e0 diterpenoid.<\/p>\n

Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 so s\u00e1nh k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a ba x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m \u0111o quang ph\u1ed5 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thu\u1ed1c th\u1eed ABTS, DPPH v\u00e0 Folin\u2013Ciocalteu (F\u2013C). X\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m ABTS v\u00e0 DPPH \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ho\u1ea1t t\u00ednh lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf g\u1ed1c t\u1ef1 do c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t tinh khi\u1ebft. V\u00ec S. fruticosa<\/i> chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t, ho\u1ea1t t\u00ednh ch\u1ed1ng oxy h\u00f3a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh to\u00e1n m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u00e2n t\u1eed ABTS ho\u1eb7c DPPH b\u1ecb kh\u1eed b\u1edfi c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t ch\u1ed1ng oxy h\u00f3a c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c t\u1eeb 1 g nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u kh\u00f4 sau 10 ph\u00fat ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng. C\u00e1c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh to\u00e1n trong ph\u1ea1m vi tuy\u1ebfn t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ec3u th\u1ecb b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa s\u1ed1 milimol ch\u1ea5t oxy h\u00f3a b\u1ecb kh\u1eed v\u00e0 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eabu th\u1eed kh\u00e1c nhau \u2013 t\u00ednh b\u1eb1ng gam ch\u1ea5t kh\u00f4 trong h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng (H\u00ecnh 2).\u00a02<\/a>b).<\/p>\n

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H\u00ecnh 2<\/b><\/figcaption>
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\"figure<\/picture><\/a><\/div>\n
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Ho\u1ea1t t\u00ednh ch\u1ed1ng oxy h\u00f3a theo ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n (axit caffeic, scutellarin, axit salvianolic B, axit rosmarinic, axit Carnosic, Carnosol v\u00e0 trolox) v\u00e0 S. fruticosa<\/i> chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t: SFH2<\/sub>Chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc O; Chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t etanol SF30\u201330%; Chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t etanol SF70\u201370%; Chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t etanol SF100, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m in vitro v\u1edbi thu\u1ed1c th\u1eed ABTS, DPPH v\u00e0 F\u2013C \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng \u0111\u1ed3 th\u1ecb th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c c\u1ee7a thu\u1ed1c th\u1eed b\u1ecb gi\u1ea3m theo c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m (M\u1ed9t<\/b>) ho\u1eb7c chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t (b<\/b>) v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ec3u th\u1ecb b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong b\u1eb1ng milimol thu\u1ed1c th\u1eed gi\u1ea3m \u0111i 1 g m\u1eabu th\u1eed (c<\/b>) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp v\u1edbi \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh ch\u1ed1ng oxy h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u0103ng k\u00fd \u1edf b\u01b0\u1edbc s\u00f3ng 734 nm sau khi t\u1ea1o d\u1eabn xu\u1ea5t sau c\u1ed9t b\u1eb1ng ABTS, v\u1edbi c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i ch\u1ea5t ch\u1ed1ng oxy h\u00f3a ch\u00ednh tr\u00ean bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 h\u00ecnh tr\u00f2n (d<\/b>). \u0110\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft danh t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec9nh, xem B\u1ea3ng b\u1ed5 sung S1<\/a>.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n

Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u0169ng bao g\u1ed3m ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thu\u1ed1c th\u1eed Folin\u2013Ciocalteu. N\u00f3 bao g\u1ed3m s\u1ef1 chuy\u1ec3n electron trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ki\u1ec1m t\u1eeb c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t c\u00f3 nh\u00f3m hydroxyl ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng sang ph\u1ee9c h\u1ee3p axit phosphotungstic phosphomolybdic. Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng kh\u1eed trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ec3u th\u1ecb b\u1eb1ng s\u1ed1 milimol \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng axit gallic, t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh ph\u1ee9c h\u1ee3p m\u00e0u xanh lam v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea5y t\u1eeb 1 g ch\u1ea5t kh\u00f4 c\u1ee7a th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt. C\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t tinh khi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ecdn c\u00f3 trong c\u00e2y x\u00f4 th\u01a1m, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0: axit caffeic, axit Carnosic, Carnosol, axit salvianolic B, scutellarin, axit rosmarinic v\u00e0 b\u1ed5 sung cho ch\u1ea5t ch\u1ed1ng oxy h\u00f3a tham chi\u1ebfu\u2014trolox (H\u00ecnh 2).\u00a02<\/a>M\u1ed9t). Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n ho\u1ea1t t\u00ednh ch\u1ed1ng oxy h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t nguy\u00ean ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y b\u1edfi Kusznierewicz et al.27<\/a><\/sup> v\u00e0 Baranowska v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng s\u1ef1.28<\/a><\/sup>, t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng. C\u00e1c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ed1c thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ebd tr\u00ean c\u00e1c tr\u1ee5c ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t cho t\u1eebng th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n v\u00e0 m\u1eabu (H\u00ecnh 2).\u00a02<\/a>c). M\u1ed7i ch\u1ea5t chu\u1ea9n phenolic \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ec1u th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n ho\u1ea1t t\u00ednh ch\u1ed1ng oxy h\u00f3a, theo th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 t\u0103ng d\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 sau: scutellarin < Carnosol < axit carnosic < axit salvianolic B < axit rosmarinic < axit caffeic. Ba trong s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f3 \u2013 axit salvianolic B, axit rosmarinic v\u00e0 axit caffeic \u2013 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n trolox, m\u1ed9t h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn l\u00e0m t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tham kh\u1ea3o trong c\u00e1c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ho\u1ea1t t\u00ednh ch\u1ed1ng oxy h\u00f3a. Ho\u1ea1t t\u00ednh ch\u1ed1ng oxy h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ee7a S. fruticosa<\/i> ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o li\u1ec1u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng trong x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m ABTS c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 trong x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m DPPH. Do \u0111\u00f3, khi l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1ea5t chi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00eam v\u00e0o h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng t\u0103ng l\u00ean th\u00ec kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng kh\u1eed \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c g\u1ed1c n\u00e0y c\u0169ng t\u0103ng theo. Ho\u1ea1t t\u00ednh ch\u1ed1ng oxy h\u00f3a t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5p nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quan s\u00e1t th\u1ea5y \u1edf chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t SF100, ti\u1ebfp theo l\u00e0 SFH cao h\u01a1n g\u1ea7n hai l\u1ea7n.2<\/sub>O, v\u00e0 cao h\u01a1n g\u1ea7n b\u1ed1n l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi SF30 v\u00e0 SF70. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m F\u2013C theo xu h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 ABTS v\u00e0 DPPH v\u1edbi h\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan Pearson l\u00e0 0,99, cho th\u1ea5y ho\u1ea1t t\u00ednh ch\u1ed1ng oxy h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a d\u1ecbch chi\u1ebft ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn v\u00e0o h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng phenolics, nh\u01b0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee9ng minh b\u1edfi Lantzouraki et al.29<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p>\n

D\u1ef1a tr\u00ean h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a 6 lo\u1ea1i h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m trong d\u1ecbch chi\u1ebft (B\u1ea3ng 1<\/a>) v\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t t\u00ednh ch\u1ed1ng oxy h\u00f3a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh cho ch\u00fang v\u00e0 cho c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t (H\u00ecnh 2).\u00a02<\/a>a,c), ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t n\u00e0y v\u00e0o t\u1ed5ng ho\u1ea1t t\u00ednh ch\u1ed1ng oxy h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng ch\u1ea5t chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t. Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p SFH2<\/sub>Chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t O, SF30 v\u00e0 SF70, 6 h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ecdn, t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m, v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft bao ph\u1ee7 l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3t 21\u201330%, 45\u201363% v\u00e0 64\u201386% c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5ng ho\u1ea1t t\u00ednh ch\u1ed1ng oxy h\u00f3a \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh. Nh\u1eefng k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 n\u00e0y cho th\u1ea5y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t ch\u1ed1ng oxy h\u00f3a b\u1ed5 sung kh\u00e1c trong c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t n\u00e0y v\u00e0\/ho\u1eb7c t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng hi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ed3ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang. Ch\u1ec9 trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t SF100 th\u00ec t\u1ed5ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a 6 h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n m\u1edbi v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 t\u1ed5ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t n\u00e0y trong kho\u1ea3ng t\u1eeb 20 \u0111\u1ebfn 49%, t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng. M\u1ed9t quan s\u00e1t nh\u01b0 v\u1eady c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i kh\u00e1ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t phytochemical c\u00f3 trong lo\u1ea1i chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

Th\u00f4ng tin chi ti\u1ebft h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i ch\u1ea5t ch\u1ed1ng oxy h\u00f3a c\u00f3 trong th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m S. fruticosa<\/i> d\u1ecbch chi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cung c\u1ea5p b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng d\u1eabn xu\u1ea5t sau c\u1ed9t HPLC v\u1edbi thu\u1ed1c th\u1eed ABTS. C\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh ch\u1ed1ng oxy h\u00f3a thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i ch\u1ea5t ch\u1ed1ng oxy h\u00f3a kh\u00e1c nhau trong t\u1ed5ng ho\u1ea1t t\u00ednh ch\u1ed1ng oxy h\u00f3a, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n trong H\u00ecnh 2.\u00a02<\/a>d. Ngo\u00e0i 6 ch\u1ea5t ch\u1ed1ng oxy h\u00f3a ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3, S. fruticosa<\/i> chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t c\u0169ng ch\u1ee9a c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t ch\u1ed1ng oxy h\u00f3a kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 axit przewalskinic A, salviaflaside, luteolin rutinoside, luteolin glucoside, isorhamnetin glucuronide, coumaroyl caffeoylglycoside, axit salvianolic K v\u00e0 axit salvianolic F. C\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng b\u1edfi s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec9nh \u00e2m cho th\u1ea5y s\u1ef1 gi\u1ea3m v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed5i m\u00e0u c\u1ee7a C\u00e1c g\u1ed1c ABTS \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quan s\u00e1t th\u1ea5y trong chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t SF70 v\u00e0 SF30. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 gi\u1ed1ng nhau v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh ch\u1ed1ng oxy h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a hai m\u1eabu n\u00e0y nh\u01b0ng c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u chung cao h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi SF70 v\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1ed5 sung c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c t\u1eeb diterpenoid c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00fa \u00fd. Ch\u1ec9 trong c\u00e1c c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t SF70 v\u00e0 SF100 m\u1edbi quan s\u00e1t th\u1ea5y c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec9nh \u00e2m c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c t\u1eeb diterpenoid, v\u1edbi t\u1ef7 tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang trong t\u1ed5ng ho\u1ea1t t\u00ednh kh\u00e1ng g\u1ed1c l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3t l\u00e0 15 v\u00e0 34%. Ch\u1ea5t ch\u1ed1ng oxy h\u00f3a ch\u00ednh trong t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9a ethanol l\u00e0 axit rosmarinic \u2013 axit phenolic d\u1ed3i d\u00e0o nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng ch\u1ea5t ch\u1ed1ng oxy h\u00f3a m\u1ea1nh nh\u1ea5t trong s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e1o c\u00e1o cho S. ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c<\/i> V\u00e0 S. g\u1ed1c T\u00e2y Ban Nha<\/i> chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t30<\/a>,31<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p>\n

Trong d\u1ecbch chi\u1ebft n\u01b0\u1edbc (SFH2<\/sub>O) ho\u1ea1t t\u00ednh ch\u1ed1ng oxy h\u00f3a b\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu t\u1eeb hai h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t: axit przewalskinic A v\u00e0 scutellarin, v\u00ec vi\u1ec7c chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t axit rosmarinic ch\u1ec9 b\u1eb1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ebd k\u00e9m hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n

Ho\u1ea1t t\u00ednh \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf xanthine oxyase<\/h3>\n

Enzym xanthine oxidase (XO) x\u00fac t\u00e1c qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh oxy h\u00f3a hypoxanthine v\u00e0 xanthine th\u00e0nh axit uric, ch\u1ea5t n\u00e0y d\u01b0 th\u1eeba trong m\u00e1u s\u1ebd khi\u1ebfn b\u1ec7nh g\u00fat ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u00e1i oxy h\u00f3a XO, oxy ph\u00e2n t\u1eed \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t nh\u1eadn \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed, t\u1ea1o ra g\u1ed1c superoxide v\u00e0 hydro peroxide. Do \u0111\u00f3, XO \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n sinh h\u1ecdc quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c g\u1ed1c superoxide, c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i oxy ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng kh\u00e1c, g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n g\u00e2y ra stress oxy h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 tham gia v\u00e0o nhi\u1ec1u qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh b\u1ec7nh l\u00fd nh\u01b0 vi\u00eam, x\u01a1 v\u1eefa \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ea1ch, ung th\u01b0, l\u00e3o h\u00f3a, v.v.32<\/a><\/sup>. M\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb t\u0103ng axit uric m\u00e1u l\u00e0 \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf enzyme XO. Nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9a ch\u1ea5t \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf XO (allopurinol, febuxostat) \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nh\u01b0ng vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u00fang kh\u00f4ng may c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ee5. V\u00ec l\u00fd do n\u00e0y, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf XO t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p thay th\u1ebf cho c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y. C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 b\u00e1o c\u00e1o trong t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u v\u1ec1 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u00e0i Salvia<\/i> (S. plebeia, S. miltiorrhiza, S. c\u1ecf roi ng\u1ef1a<\/i>) \u0111\u1ec3 \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf XO33<\/a>,34<\/a>,35<\/a><\/sup>, do \u0111\u00f3, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u1ea3y ra ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00e0y c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m trong nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u S. fruticosa<\/i> chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t. Ngo\u00e0i ra, ho\u1ea1t t\u00ednh \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf XO c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u1edf c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t phenolic ch\u1ecdn l\u1ecdc \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng cho c\u00e2y x\u00f4 th\u01a1m nh\u01b0: axit caffeic, axit carnosic, carnosol, axit salvianolic B, scutellarin, axit rosmarinic v\u00e0 b\u1ed5 sung th\u00eam ch\u1ea5t \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf XO allopurinol \u0111\u1ec3 tham kh\u1ea3o.<\/p>\n

S\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i xanthine (c\u01a1 ch\u1ea5t) th\u00e0nh axit uric (s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m) b\u1eb1ng XO c\u00f3 ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c m\u1eabu th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c theo d\u00f5i b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng HPLC-PAD \u1edf b\u01b0\u1edbc s\u00f3ng 285 nm (H\u00ecnh 2).\u00a03<\/a>M\u1ed9t). Ho\u1ea1t t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a enzyme \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh b\u1eb1ng ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m di\u1ec7n t\u00edch pic axit uric \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh khi c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t m\u1eabu th\u1eed so v\u1edbi m\u1eabu \u0111\u1ed1i ch\u1ee9ng khi kh\u00f4ng th\u00eam m\u1eabu (H\u00ecnh 2).\u00a03<\/a>b). S\u1ef1 \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf enzyme XO \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ec3u th\u1ecb b\u1eb1ng IC50<\/sub> gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng chu\u1ea9n ho\u1eb7c tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00f4 c\u1ee7a m\u1eabu (\u03bcg) c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m ho\u1ea1t t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a enzyme xu\u1ed1ng 50% (H\u00ecnh 2).\u00a03<\/a>b, c).<\/p>\n

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H\u00ecnh 3<\/b><\/figcaption>
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\"figure<\/picture><\/a><\/div>\n
\n

C\u00e1c v\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 s\u1eafc k\u00fd \u0111\u1ed3 HPLC \u1edf b\u01b0\u1edbc s\u00f3ng 285 nm c\u1ee7a h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p sau ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9a (t\u1eeb tr\u00ean xu\u1ed1ng): xanthine; xanthine v\u00e0 xanthine oxyase (XO); xanthine, XO v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf (M\u1ed9t<\/b>), l\u00e0m c\u01a1 s\u1edf cho vi\u1ec7c chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed3 th\u1ecb bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cong ho\u1ea1t t\u00ednh XO v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t chu\u1ea9n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m (axit caffeic, scutellarin, axit salvianolic B, axit rosmarinic, axit Carnosic, Carnosol v\u00e0 allopurinol) ho\u1eb7c S. fruticosa<\/i> chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t (SFH2<\/sub>Chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc O; Chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t etanol SF30\u201330%; Chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t etanol SF70\u201370%; SF100 \u2013 chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t ethanol) (b<\/b>), \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh tham s\u1ed1 IC50,<\/sub> ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 s\u1ed1 microgam c\u1ee7a m\u1eabu th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m ho\u1ea1t t\u00ednh XO xu\u1ed1ng 50% (c<\/b>).<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n

Ch\u1ea5t \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf XO \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft allopurinol \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ed1i ch\u1ee9ng, v\u1edbi IC50<\/sub> gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb 0,15 \u03bcg (5,5 \u03bcM). T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t chu\u1ea9n nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ec1u cho th\u1ea5y ho\u1ea1t t\u00ednh \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf XO b\u1eb1ng IC50<\/sub> dao \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb 0,1 \u0111\u1ebfn 3,15 \u03bcg (2,8\u201343,8 \u00b5M). Ho\u1ea1t t\u00ednh \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf XO t\u0103ng d\u1ea7n theo th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 sau: axit rosmarinic < axit carnosic < scutellarin < axit salvianolic B < carnosol < axit caffeic. Axit caffeic c\u00f3 IC th\u1ea5p nh\u1ea5t50<\/sub> gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb (0,1 \u03bcg; 2,8 \u00b5M), cho th\u1ea5y ho\u1ea1t t\u00ednh \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf XO m\u1ea1nh nh\u1ea5t trong s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m. N\u00f3 th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u00f2n m\u1ea1nh h\u01a1n allopurinol, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi d\u1eef li\u1ec7u do Wan v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng s\u1ef1 tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y.36<\/a><\/sup> v\u00e0 Flemmig v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng s\u1ef1.37<\/a><\/sup>, n\u01a1i IC50<\/sub> c\u1ee7a axit caffeic th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n g\u1ea7n 8 ho\u1eb7c 2 l\u1ea7n so v\u1edbi allopurinol. Nh\u1eefng kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t t\u1eeb ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a XO \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ecdn cho c\u00e1c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m. Trong c\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00edch d\u1eabn, oxidase t\u1eeb s\u1eefa b\u00f2 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, trong khi \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u n\u00e0y, oxidase vi sinh v\u1eadt \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ecdn. Trong nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u n\u00e0y, axit rosmarinic c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf XO th\u1ea5p nh\u1ea5t (3,2 \u03bcg; 43,8 \u00b5M), nh\u01b0ng Ghallab et al.38<\/a><\/sup> b\u00e1o c\u00e1o r\u1eb1ng s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p hi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ed3ng c\u1ee7a allopurinol v\u00e0 axit rosmarinic c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m li\u1ec1u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng thu\u1ed1c t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft. XO b\u1ecb \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf b\u1edfi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u S. fruticosa<\/i> chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 k\u00e9m hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n 1000 l\u1ea7n so v\u1edbi allopurinol, ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e1o c\u00e1o cho c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m kh\u00e1c Salvia<\/i> gi\u1ed1ng lo\u00e0i. Scutellarin v\u00e0 c\u00e1c flavon kh\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf m\u1ea1nh XO39<\/a><\/sup>. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t nh\u1ecf v\u1ec1 h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng flavonoid t\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 gi\u1eefa chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t SF30 v\u00e0 SF70 v\u00e0 h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p ch\u1ea5t ch\u1ed1ng vi\u00eam kh\u00e1c c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i h\u01a1n cho chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t SF70 nh\u01b0ng SF30 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng XO m\u1ea1nh nh\u1ea5t. IC50<\/sub> gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a SF30 l\u00e0 50 \u03bcg v\u00e0 d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y, ho\u1ea1t t\u00ednh kh\u00e1ng vi\u00eam ti\u1ec1m t\u00e0ng c\u1ee7a SF70, SF100 v\u00e0 SFH2<\/sub>Chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t O \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3t y\u1ebfu h\u01a1n 3, 4 v\u00e0 5 l\u1ea7n.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

[qu\u1ea3ng c\u00e1o_2]<\/p>\n

Li\u00ean k\u1ebft ngu\u1ed3n <\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

This study explores the influence of extraction solvents on the composition and bioactivity of Salvia fruticosa extracts. Ultrasound-assisted extraction with water, ethanol and their mixtures in variable proportions was used to produce four different extracts.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":5372,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[9],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4869","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-supplements"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/directcm.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4869","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/directcm.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/directcm.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/directcm.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/directcm.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4869"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/directcm.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4869\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":8265,"href":"https:\/\/directcm.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4869\/revisions\/8265"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/directcm.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/5372"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/directcm.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4869"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/directcm.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4869"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/directcm.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4869"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}